Fuel atomizing nozzle



l Feb. 2, 1932- P. 1 JosLYN 1,843,821

FUEL ATOMIZING NozzLE Filed sept. 3o, ma

A TTORNE.` YS.

Patented Feb. 2, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PAUL LEO J'OSLYN,I OF' SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO J-'OSLYN DIESEL ENGINE COMPANY, LTD., 0F SAN CISCO, CALIFORNIA; A CORPORATION 0F CALI- FORNIA FUEL ATOMIZING NOZZLE Application led September 30, 1929. Serial No. 396,360.

This invention relates to improvements in fuel atomizing nozzles and has particular reference to a device which may be employed either for atomizing fuel in an internal combustion engine or in a boiler where the fuel is under continuous combustion.

Another object is to produce a device which will produce a high degree of atomization of fue] at a low pressure irrespective of the amount of fuel used.

An additional object is to provide a nozzle which will prevent after-dripping upon the closing of the oil supply.

Another object is to produce a nozzle which will eliminate carbon forming upon the tip and thus interfering with the proper operation of the same, even when used in an engine idling for a long period.

A further object is to produce a nozzle which will operate at a considerably reduced pressure thus eliminating considerable wear especially on small orifices.

A still further object is to produce a jet wherein a wide spread of iame is efected'.

Other objects and advantages willv be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure I is a cross sectional view of an inlet valve having my jet attached thereto,

Flgure II is a fragmentary view in cross section ofV my jet as applied to a boiler burner,

Figure III is a bottom plan view of the atomizer disc, and

d Figure IV is a bottom plan View of a tip isc.

In using crude oil for internal combustion englnes, it has been found necessary to in- ]ect the o1l into the cylinder under high pressure and that with the present type of valves in use, it is only. possible to idle the engine to a limited degree and in boilers where the low grade fuel is burned the present day type of jet produces a long flame which 1s injurious to thefb'oiler, has low efficiency and requires a heavy pressure while with my nozzle a relatively low pressure is emincreasing the eiiiciency of the boiler and due to the low pressure the life of the tips is much longer.

In the accompanying drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 5 designates a valve casting adapted to be employed with an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type. It is obvious, however, that my nozzle may be employed in any type of engine. To this valve casting 5 is secured a head 6 in which is threadedly secured a screw 7 having a downwardly eX- tending tip 8 which passes through a spring cap 9 against which a spring 11 contacts. A spring block 12 is engaged by the opposite end of the spring l1 and bears upon the valve rod 13. This valve rod travels in a bushing 14 which bushing is provided with oil channels 16 communicating through a port 17 with the oil supplyrpipe which is threadedly engaged with the projection 18. A similar projection 19 threadedly positions a nut 21 having a valve 22, the purpose of which is to permit the priming when first starting up the engine.- Secured to the lower end of the valve casting is a retaining nut 23 which holds the member 24 in engagement with the casting 5. This member 24 has a valve Seat `26 against which the valve 27 rests. The valve 27 is carried upon the valve tains the atomizer disc 36 and the tip disc 37 in/engagement with the member 24. A spreader cup 38 is attachedA to the tip 33 and has orifices 39 angularly disposed therethrough, the purpose of which will be later seen.

Referring now to Figure II, at/41 I have shown a pipe through which an oil supply is adapted to pass and within this pipe 1s positioned an atomizer disc 36, a tip disc 37 which rest against a shoulder 42 formed adjacent the cup 38 having orifices 39 therethrough. The numbers given in this description of Figure II correspond to similar numbers in Figure I and refer to similar parts.

Referring now to Figure III it will be noted that the atomizer disc has a plurality of openings 43 passing therethrough which communicate with a recessed portion 44 centrally disposed in the disc through the medium of channels 46. rlhese channels are formed tangentially to the outer circumference of the recess and arc so arranged that the two channels on one side of the disc converge at substantially the saine tangential point, while the two channels on the opposite side of the disc converge at this same tangential point. An upstanding cone 47 is formed in the recessed portion 44, the purpose of which will be later seen.

Referring now to Figure has an oriice 4() formed therein, a portion of which orice is inclined as shown at 48.

The operation of my device is as follows :4-

First considering the use of the same in an internal combustion engine, and assuming that a heavy grade of oil such as Diesel oil is being used, the oil line will be connected to the projection 18 and by removing the screw 21 any air which is confined in the nozzle as a whole or in the line may be bled 0H after which the screw 21 is replaced. As soon as the pressure on the line is builtup to a .pre-determined amount which is controlled by the spring 11, the effect will be that the oil passing through the port 17 and channels 16 and into the annular recess 32 will push upwardly on the shoulder formed by the reducing portion of the valve rod and will raise the valve rod against the action of the spring 11. The oil will then llow through channel 28 past valve 27 and `into the space immediately above the atom- `Figure II.

izing disc 36. The oil will then pass through the openings 43 thence through channels 46 and into the recess 44. This oil` flowing through the channels 46 will result in giving the oil a whirling movement which will cause a vortex to be created about the cone 47. As there is only one path in which the oil can escape,l namely through the orifice 34, the oil will pass therethrough in a whirling manner, and will pass out in a cone shaped spray as indicated by the dotted lines of This will cause an injector eifect which will suck in air as indicated in the arrows of Figure II, the air being furnished either from a natural draft as in the instance of a furnace or may be furnished through the s i-usual air intake of the internal combustion engine, and being the air' which in that iniv the tip disc e7' stance would be surrounding the valve tip projecting into the cylinder.

It has been found from actual tests that applicants device will' atomize heavy oils either for a continuous spray or for interparts may be resorted to without departing' from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subj oined claim.

Having thus described my invention, I claim A fuel atomizing nozzle having an oil supply, an atomizing disc' positioned in said nozzle end having a recess formed therein, a plurality of channels extending tangentially with relation to said recess and formed in said disc, s aid channels being arranged in l pairs and so that their point of contact with said recess. converge at points on the opposite sides of said disc to cause rotation, a cone positioned in said recess, a tip disc superimposed on said atomizing disc, said tip disc having the orifice therethru, the tip of said cone being positioned-in the plane between said two discs.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

PAUL LEO JOSLYN. 

